Answer: a. From the perspective of the 30-year-old male, the monetary value corresponding to surviving the year is -$154 (the cost of the insurance policy). The monetary value corresponding to not surviving the year is $99,805 (the death benefit payout).
b. If the 30-year-old male purchases the policy, his expected value can be calculated using the formula:
Expected Value = (Probability of Event A) * (Value of Event A) + (Probability of Event B) * (Value of Event B)
In this case, the probability of surviving the year and not surviving the year can be assumed to be the same, as we don't have any specific information on the individual's health or life expectancy. Therefore, the probabilities can be assumed to be 0.5 each.
Plugging in the values, we get:
Expected Value = (0.5) * (-$154) + (0.5) * ($99,805) = ($50,326)
So, the expected value for the 30-year-old male purchasing the policy is $50,326.
Explanation: