Final answer:
To calculate the percent yield of AlCl3, first calculate the moles of AlCl3 produced based on the stoichiometry of the reaction between Al and HCl. Then, divide the actual yield of AlCl3 by the theoretical yield and multiply by 100 to get the percent yield.
Step-by-step explanation:
The percent yield can be calculated using the formula:
Percent Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) x 100
In this case, the actual yield is given as 10.5 g of AlCl3. To find the theoretical yield, we need to determine the stoichiometry of the reaction and calculate the moles of AlCl3 that should be produced.
From the balanced equation:
2 Al + 6 HCl → 2 AlCl3
We can see that 2 moles of Al will produce 2 moles of AlCl3. So, we need to convert the grams of Al to moles and then determine the moles of AlCl3 formed.
The molar mass of Al is 26.98 g/mol. Therefore, 3.30 g of Al is equal to 3.30 g / 26.98 g/mol = 0.122 mol of Al. Since the stoichiometry of the reaction is 2:2, the moles of AlCl3 produced will also be 0.122 mol.
Finally, we can calculate the percent yield:
Percent Yield = (10.5 g / 0.122 mol) x 100 = 8600%