a) The total engine displacement of the four-cylinder cycle engine is calculated by multiplying the bore, stroke, and clearance volume together. In this case, it would be 90 mm x 100 mm x 0.106 L, which equals 9.54 L. The compression ratio is calculated by dividing the clearance volume by the total engine displacement. In this case, it would be 0.106 L/9.54 L, which equals 1.11.
It is not possible to determine whether this engine is a petrol engine or a diesel engine without more information. Petrol and diesel engines differ in the way they ignite the fuel-air mixture, with petrol engines using spark plugs and diesel engines using compression. The compression ratio can be an indicator of whether an engine is a petrol or diesel, as diesel engines typically have higher compression ratios than petrol engines. However, this engine has a compression ratio of 1.11, which does not provide enough information to determine the type of engine.
h) The principle of four-stroke cycle engines is that the piston moves up and down four times in the cylinder during a single cycle. The four strokes are the intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke, and exhaust stroke. During the intake stroke, the intake valve opens to allow air and fuel to enter the cylinder. During the compression stroke, the intake valve closes and the piston compresses the air-fuel mixture. During the power stroke, the spark plug ignites the air-fuel mixture, causing the piston to move down and generating power. During the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve opens and the piston pushes the exhaust gases out of the cylinder.