114k views
3 votes
Solve for the equation of the tangent line. Question is attached below. Please show full working.

Solve for the equation of the tangent line. Question is attached below. Please show-example-1

1 Answer

5 votes

Answer:

y = 1/8x +1/64

Explanation:

You want the equation of the line that is tangent to the curve y = x³ -x⁴ in exactly two places.

Points of intersection

Since the tangent line is not crossed, the difference between the line and the given curve is a 4th-degree polynomial with two roots, each of multiplicity 2. If those are 'a' and 'b', we can write for line y = mx +p, ...

mx +p -(x³ -x⁴) = (x -a)²(x -b)² = 0

x⁴ -x³ +0x² +mx +p = x⁴ -2(a+b)x³ +(a²+4ab+b²)x² -2ab(a+b)x +a²b²

Equating coefficients, we have ...

  • x⁴: 1 = 1
  • x³: -1 = -2(a+b)
  • x²: 0 = (a+b)² +2ab
  • x: m = -2ab(a+b)
  • constant: p = a²b²

Solution

The coefficient of x³ tells us ...

a +b = 1/2

The coefficient of x² tells us ...

0 = (a +b)² +2ab

0 = (1/2)² +2ab

ab = -1/8

Line

Using these value, we can find the equation of the line to be ...

m = -2ab(a+b) = -2(-1/8)(1/2) = 1/8

p = (ab)² = (-1/8)² = 1/64

The equation of the line is ...

y = 1/8x +1/64

__

Additional comment

To find the line, we did not need the coordinates of the points of tangency. They are ((1-√3)/4, (3-2√3)/64) and ((1+√3)/4, (3+2√3)/64).

The slope of the line is equal to the slope of the quartic at the point of inflection of its derivative, at x=1/4.

Solve for the equation of the tangent line. Question is attached below. Please show-example-1
User Typetetris
by
7.4k points