Answer:
a. To produce 5.0 mol of water, we need to know the number of moles of hydrogen involved in the reaction. The chemical equation 2H2(g) + O2(g) -> 2H2O(g) tells us that 2 moles of hydrogen react with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 2 moles of water. So, to produce 5.0 mol of water, we need 2.5 moles of hydrogen.
b. If we know the number of moles of hydrogen, we can calculate the number of moles of oxygen required for the reaction. The chemical equation tells us that 2 moles of hydrogen react with 1 mole of oxygen, so if we have 2.5 moles of hydrogen, we would need 1.25 moles of oxygen.