Final answer:
Swift is satirizing the Whigs and Tories as well as religious conflicts between Catholics and Protestants in Gulliver's Travels, aligning with the student's option A. The Second Party System was characterized by the rivalry between Democrats and Whigs.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels, Swift is primarily poking fun at the political parties of his time, the Whigs and the Tories, as well as religious conflicts, such as those between the Catholics and Protestants. This information helps us deduce the answer to the student's question, where the closest contemporary equivalents are Whigs and Tories, aligning with option A) Whigs and Tories; Catholics and Protestants.
The Second Party System in the United States consisted of the Democrats and the Whigs. These historical parties attracted diverse voters based on regional, economic, and cultural factors. The Dem
The Whigs were seen as the party that did not object to government involvement in moral questions, attracting support from people associated with certain Protestant denominations. In comparison, Democrats were more appealing to immigrants, Catholics, and freethinkers due to their approach to separating political and moral issues.