Question

Based on the excerpt, what is the narrator's perspective on Filipino society?

A.
Filipino society respected innovative thinkers.
B.
Filipino society valued superficial displays of wealth.
C.
Filipino society was suspicious of rich people.
D.
Filipino society needed to have effective communication.

On the last day of October Don Santiago de los Santos, popularly known as Capitan Tiago, gave a dinner. In spite of the fact that, contrary to his usual custom, he had made the announcement only that afternoon, it was already the sole topic of conversation in Binondo and adjacent districts, and even in the Walled City, for at that time Capitan Tiago was considered one of the most hospitable of men, and it was well known that his house, like his country, shut its doors against nothing except commerce and all new or bold ideas. Like an electric shock the announcement ran through the world of parasites, bores, and hangers-on. Some looked at once for shoe-polish, others for buttons and cravats, but all were especially concerned about how to greet the master of the house in the most familiar tone, in order to create an atmosphere of ancient friendship or, if occasion should arise, to excuse a late arrival.

Answer 1

The narrator's perspective on Filipino society reveals a complex, conflicted view, affected by the Spanish colonization that imposed social hierarchies and by American imperialism that sought to civilize but often resulted in disillusionment and repression.

Step-by-step explanation:

The excerpt primarily reflects the narrator's perspective on Filipino society as it grapples with the legacy of colonialism and the implications of American imperialism. Looking at the multiple sources cited, it can be inferred that the Filipino society experienced a significant social hierarchy during the Spanish colonial period. With patriarchy ruling the social dynamics and Spaniards positioning themselves at the top of the societal pyramid, the native peoples and Africans were marginalized. However, the excerpt from the narrative talking about Captain Tiago's dinner speaks to a high regard for hospitality, but also a resistance to commerce and new ideas in Filipino society.

As American influence replaced Spanish, the Filipinos had their hopes of independence dashed, transitioning from one colonial power to another. Nevertheless, the Americans instituted reforms intending to civilize and uplift the Filipinos, characterized by education, infrastructure improvements, and promotion of American democratic values. Despite these efforts, the methods used and the imposition of American ideals led to disillusionment among Filipinos. The occupation also came with realities of war and repression, including the brutal conduct exemplified by the 'water cure' and other atrocities. Moreover, American racism was reflected in the treatment of both African American soldiers and Filipino insurgents, complicating the image of the United States as benefactors of liberty.