Final answer:
MI stands for myocardial infarction, which is commonly referred to as a heart attack. It occurs when there is a lack of blood flow and oxygen to a region of the heart, resulting in the death of cardiac muscle cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
MI stands for myocardial infarction, which is commonly referred to as a heart attack. It occurs when there is a lack of blood flow and oxygen to a region of the heart, resulting in the death of cardiac muscle cells.
An MI can be confirmed by examining the patient's ECG, which often reveals alterations in the ST and Q components. Other diagnostic methods include echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Elevated levels of certain blood tests, such as creatine kinase MB and cardiac troponin, can also indicate an MI.
Risk factors for MI include cardiovascular disease, age, smoking, high levels of LDL cholesterol, low levels of HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical exercise, chronic kidney disease, excessive alcohol consumption, and use of illegal drugs.