The "Manifesto of the Communist Party" by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1850 and the works of Horatio Alger in the 1880s both reflect the political and social context of their times and offer different visions for society.
The "Manifesto of the Communist Party" outlines a critique of capitalism and a vision for a communist society in which private property is abolished, the means of production are owned collectively, and class distinctions and exploitation are eliminated. Marx and Engels argue that capitalism leads to the exploitation of the working class, the concentration of wealth in the hands of a few, and the alienation of the worker from their own labor. The "Manifesto" calls for a revolution in which the working class overthrows the ruling class and establishes a socialist society that transitions to a communist society.
On the other hand, Horatio Alger's works are often referred to as "rags-to-riches" stories that offer a vision of the American Dream. Alger's stories emphasize the value of hard work, determination, and moral character as the key to success and upward mobility in society. In his stories, individuals can rise from poverty to wealth through their own efforts, often overcoming obstacles such as prejudice, corruption, and lack of opportunity. Alger's works reflect a vision of American society in which anyone can achieve success through hard work and perseverance, regardless of their background or social status.
In summary, while the "Manifesto of the Communist Party" offers a critique of capitalism and a vision for a classless society, Horatio Alger's works offer a vision of the American Dream in which success and upward mobility are achievable through hard work and determination