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A pump B whose characteristics are given in table 1 below is used to pump water from an open tank through 40 m of 70 mm diameter pipe of friction factor f = 0.02 to another open tank in which the surface level of the water is 5.0 m above that in the supply tank. (a) Determine the flow rate when the pump is operated at 1450 rpm. (b) It is desired to increase the flow rate and three (3) possibilities are under investigation. (i) To install a second identical pump in seris with pump B. (ii) To install a second identical pump in parallel with pump B. (iii) To increase the speed of the pump by 10%. Predict the flow rate that would occur in each of these situations.

User Athanase
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Answer:

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Step-by-step explanation:

a) To determine the flow rate when the pump is operated at 1450 rpm, the following formula can be used:

Q = (π/4) * D^2 * N * v / (60 * f * L), where

D = 70 mm = 0.07 m (diameter),

N = 1450 rpm (speed),

v = fluid velocity,

f = 0.02 (friction factor), and

L = 40 m (pipe length)

Substituting the given values, we get:

Q = (π/4) * 0.07^2 * 1450 * v / (60 * 0.02 * 40)

v = Q / [(π/4) * 0.07^2 * 1450 / (60 * 0.02 * 40)]

We can calculate the head loss due to friction, hf:

hf = f * (L/D) * (v^2 / (2 * g)), where

g = 9.8 m/s^2 (acceleration due to gravity)

Substituting the known values,

hf = 0.02 * (40/0.07) * (v^2 / (2 * 9.8))

v = √[(2 * 9.8 * hf) / (0.02 * (40/0.07))]

The head of water at the pump, h, can be calculated from the difference in water level between the two tanks:

h = 5 m (difference in water level)

The head loss due to the pump, hp, can be calculated using the following formula:

hp = h - hf

Substituting the known values,

hp = 5 - hf

hf = 5 - hp

v = √[(2 * 9.8 * (5 - hp)) / (0.02 * (40/0.07))]

Finally, the flow rate can be calculated:

Q = (π/4) * 0.07^2 * 1450 * v / (60 * 0.02 * 40)

b) (i) If a second identical pump is installed in series with pump B, the head available at the first pump, h1, is equal to the head developed by the second pump, h2. Thus,

h1 = h2

5 - hf1 = hf2

The head loss in each pipe is the same and can be calculated as follows:

hf = f * (L/D) * (v^2 / (2 * g))

Substituting the known values,

hf = 0.02 * (40/0.07) * (v^2 / (2 * 9.8))

The total head loss can be calculated as follows:

hf = hf1 + hf2

Substituting the known values,

hf = hf1 + hf1 = 2 * hf1

v = √[(2 * 9.8 * (5 - hf)) / (0.02 * (40/0.07))]

Q = (π/4) * 0.07^2 * 1450 * v / (60 * 0.02 * 40)

(ii) If a second identical pump is installed in parallel with pump B, the total flow rate will be equal to the sum of the flow rates through each pump. Thus,

Q = Q1 + Q2

User Wilfredo Pomier
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