Answer:
"I Have a Dream" by Martin Luther King Jr. is a powerful speech that uses immediacy, foreshadowing, and commentary to show the author's purpose, meaning, and tone.
Immediacy is employed in the speech to create an emotional connection between King's words and the listeners. King uses the rhetorical technique of anaphora to emphasize his points and to emotionally engage his audience. This can be seen in the repetition of phrases such as "I have a dream", "let freedom ring", and "with this faith".
Foreshadowing is used to give the audience a sense of hope, even in the midst of oppression. King speaks of a future in which "all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, 'Free at last, free at last. Thank God Almighty, we are free at last.'" This use of foreshadowing gives the audience a sense of optimism and hope and encourages them to keep striving towards a better future even when the present is bleak.
Commentary is used to explain the meaning behind King's words and to give the audience a deeper understanding of the message. For example, King speaks about the Emancipation Proclamation, saying that it is "a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice." This commentary helps to explain why the Emancipation Proclamation was so important, and why it symbolizes hope for African Americans.
Overall, King's use of immediacy, foreshadowing, and commentary helps to show his purpose, meaning, and tone in his "I Have a Dream" speech. Through the use of these techniques, he is able to create an emotional connection with his audience and to emphasize the importance of his message.