Question

Read the following excerpts and then answer the question below.

Excerpt 1:

Excerpt from "Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation" given by Franklin Delano Roosevelt, delivered 8 December 1941, Washington, D.C.

Yesterday, December 7th, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.

The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.

Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American island of Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. And while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.1

It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.

The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.

Excerpt 2:

Excerpt from a 1917 speech given by Senator George Norris opposing America's entry into World War I.

While I am most emphatically and sincerely opposed to taking any step that will force our country into the useless and senseless war now being waged in Europe, yet, if this resolution passes, I shall not permit my feeling of opposition to its passage to interfere in any way with my duty either as a senator or as a citizen in bringing success and victory to American arms. I am bitterly opposed to my country entering the war, but if, notwithstanding my opposition, we do enter it, all of my energy and all of my power will be behind our flag in carrying it on to victory.

The resolution now before the Senate is a declaration of war. Before taking this momentous step, and while standing on the brink of this terrible vortex, we ought to pause and calmly and judiciously consider the terrible consequences of the step we are about to take. We ought to consider likewise the route we have recently traveled and ascertain whether we have reached our present position in a way that is compatible with the neutral position which we claimed to occupy at the beginning and through the various stages of this unholy and unrighteous war.

No close student of recent history will deny that both Great Britain and Germany have, on numerous occasions since the beginning of the war, flagrantly violated in the most serious manner the rights of neutral vessels and neutral nations under existing international law, as recognized up to the beginning of this war by the civilized world.

The reason given by the President in asking Congress to declare war against Germany is that the German government has declared certain war zones, within which, by the use of submarines, she sinks, without notice, American ships and destroys American lives ... The first war zone was declared by Great Britain. She gave us and the world notice of it on, the 4th day of November, 1914. The zone became effective Nov. 5, 1914 ... This zone so declared by Great Britain covered the whole of the North Sea ... The first German war zone was declared on the 4th day of February, 1915, just three months after the British war zone was declared. Germany gave fifteen days' notice of the establishment of her zone, which became effective on the 18th day of February, 1915. The German war zone covered the English Channel and the high seawaters around the British Isles ...

What is the difference in tone between the excerpts?

Excerpt 1 is remorseful and Excerpt 2 is hopeful.
Excerpt 1 is hopeful and Excerpt 2 is aggressive.
Excerpt 1 is melancholy and Excerpt 2 is accusatory.
Excerpt 1 is decisive and Excerpt 2 is contemplative.

Answer 1

Excerpt 1 from FDR's "Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation" is decisive, outlining the surprise and calculated attack by Japan, while Excerpt 2 from Senator Norris's speech is contemplative, showing Norris's caution and opposition to entering WWI.

Step-by-step explanation:

The tone between Excerpt 1 from Franklin Delano Roosevelt's "Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation" and Excerpt 2 from Senator George Norris's speech opposing America's entry into World War I is markedly different. The tone of Excerpt 1 can be described as decisive, with Roosevelt presenting a clear and unsparing account of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, emphasizing the treachery and the deliberate nature of the assault. In contrast, the tone of Excerpt 2 is contemplative, as Senator Norris reflects on the implications of war, expressing his opposition and cautioning against hasty action while acknowledging the action he would take should America join the conflict nonetheless.

Roosevelt's speech conveyed a strong sense of righteousness and a call to action, underlined by the suggestion that God was on the side of the United States. In Norris's speech, there is an undertone of frustration and criticism towards both sides of the European conflict for their disregard for the rights of neutral nations, though ultimately, he expresses his commitment to support American troops should war be declared.

Answer 2

excerpt 1 is remorseful and Excerpt 2 is hopeful