A central theme of Ellison's novel is the idea of blindness and how it affects identity. The protagonist is left confused and misguided as a result of the blindness of those he encounters, trying to fit into the expectations of others, until at last he realizes that he is, and has always been, "invisible" to society narrates events from 20 years before when the narrator was a boy. On his deathbed, the narrator's grandfather urges him to "keep up the good fight." He essentially advises the narrator to conform to the white man's expectations while remaining vigilant and bitter inside.