Answer: The two countries that had the largest colonial empires in Africa were Britain and France.
Explanation: Britain established control over a vast area of Africa, including Egypt, Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, South Africa, Nigeria, Ghana, and the Gold Coast (now Ghana), among others. They were able to establish control over these territories through the use of force, negotiation and by signing treaties with local leaders.
France also established control over a large portion of Africa, including present-day Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Chad, and Gabon. France had also control over the French Congo, French West Africa, and French Equatorial Africa.
Both of these countries controlled these territories for several decades, shaping the political, economic and social development of the continent during the colonial era.