Final answer:
Women supported the war effort by forming spinning societies, making clothing, collecting supplies for ammunition and bandages, and raising funds for military support. They also managed farms and businesses, and some served as spies or combatants.
Step-by-step explanation:
During both the Union and Confederacy war efforts, women played vital roles. The correct option that describes how women supported the war effort is:
A. Women spun cloth, made clothing, and raised money for the military.
Women formed spinning societies to create homespun cloth and crafted garments like shirts and socks for soldiers. They collected scrap metal and pewter to be turned into ammunition, volunteered spare household linens to be made into bandages, and participated in fundraising efforts for the military, including some initiatives raising substantial funds like the ones led by Esther DeBerdt Reed in Philadelphia. Additionally, women took over both farms and businesses while men were away, served in administrative capacities, and some even acted as spies or in combat disguised as men.
Women's contributions to the war effort were both essential and diverse, spanning from the domestic sphere to direct support of military logistics and care for the injured.