Answer:
Untruthful responses: This type of bias occurs when survey respondents provide false or misleading information on a survey. To reduce this bias, survey designers can use methods such as randomized response techniques, which allow respondents to provide anonymous answers, or the use of deception detection techniques, such as polygraph testing.
Interviewer-induced bias: This type of bias occurs when the interviewer's behavior, such as asking leading questions or providing cues, influences the responses of the survey participants. To reduce this bias, survey designers can use trained interviewers, provide clear instructions and guidelines for interviewers, and use standardized questions. Additionally, using computer-assisted interviewing (CAI) can help minimize interviewer bias.
Voluntary-response bias: This type of bias occurs when survey participants self-select themselves into the survey and are not randomly selected. To reduce this bias, survey designers can use random sampling techniques to select participants, and also try to increase response rate through various incentives or reminders.
Nonresponse bias: This type of bias occurs when certain groups of people do not respond to the survey, leading to a skewed representation of the population. To reduce this bias, survey designers can use techniques such as follow-up reminders, increased incentives, and more personalized approaches to increase response rates among certain groups. Additionally, weighting the data can help correct for nonresponse bias.
Explanation: Hope this helps! (:
(don't copy word for word on your assignment, you can get flagged for plagiarizing)