Explanation:
the $10 are a constant part of the price (no matter how many extra toppings are ordered).
the price varies by $2 per extra topping.
so,
y = 2x + 10
it is a linear relationship.
the slope is 2 ($2 per 1 extra topping) also called constant rate of change.
the y-intercept (the y-value when x = 0) is 10.