Answer:
A physical property of a solid used to describe its surface is surface roughness. Surface roughness refers to small, irregular deviations on the surface of a solid that affect its appearance, performance, and ability to interact with other surfaces or materials. It is typically measured in terms of the average height of the surface deviations, known as the root mean square (RMS) height, or the maximum height of the deviations, known as the peak-to-valley height. Surface roughness can be caused by a variety of factors, such as manufacturing processes, wear and tear, and exposure to the environment. Some common ways to measure surface roughness are profilometry, stylus instrument and optical profiler.