To find out how much Kim spent in total with the 8% sales tax included, we first need to add up the cost of all 4 items: $32.45 + $46.78 + $12.91 + $52.38 = $144.52
Next, we'll multiply that total cost by the sales tax rate as a decimal (8% expressed as 0.08) to find out how much tax Kim had to pay: $144.52 x 0.08 = $11.56
Finally, we'll add the total cost of the items and the tax to find out how much Kim spent in total: $144.52 + $11.56 = $156.08