Final answer:
The inflation rate's relationship with unemployment is related to Macroeconomics, whereas the impact of price changes, minimum-wage laws, government subsidies, and firms' production decisions align with Microeconomics.
Step-by-step explanation:
When we discuss economics, we differentiate between Microeconomics and Macroeconomics. Understanding which categories different economic subjects fall into is crucial for a comprehensive grasp of the field.
The relationship between the inflation rate and the unemployment rate pertains to Macroeconomics since it deals with broad economic indicators that affect the entire economy.
The effect of a change in the price of one good on a related good is a Microeconomics topic because it deals with the decisions of individuals and firms regarding specific goods.
The effect of minimum-wage law on unemployment is Microeconomics in nature, looking at how policies affect labor markets and individual employment decisions.
The effect of government subsidies on the agricultural industry is also a Microeconomics topic because it examines how individual industries react to government policies.
A firm's decision about whether to continue production or to shut down is similarly a Microeconomics issue, since it involves decision-making at the individual firm level.