Growth hormone (GH) is released from the pituitary gland and transported throughout the body via the bloodstream. The target cells for GH are mainly in the liver, where the hormone stimulates the production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). This hormone then travels to other cells and tissues in the body, where it promotes growth and development. Additionally, GH also has effects on protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism, as well as on bone and muscle growth.