Question

A group of researchers establish a p-value of 0.05 for their hypothesis test. What does this mean?

a. The probability of getting a significant result for the test is 5%.

b. There is 5% probability that a true null hypothesis will be rejected.

C. The chi-square critical value for their dataset is 0.05

d. Only measured values of 0.05 or greater will be included in the test.

Answer 1

b

Explanation:

b. There is 5% probability that a true null hypothesis will be rejected.

A p-value of 0.05 represents the probability of obtaining a test statistic as extreme or more extreme than the one observed under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true. In other words, it is the probability of observing the data or more extreme data assuming the null hypothesis is true. It is also the threshold level of significance beyond which the null hypothesis is rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis. A p-value of 0.05 means that there is a 5% probability that the observed results occurred by chance under the null hypothesis and that there is a 95% probability that the observed results occurred due to a real effect.