Final answer:
McCarthyism, Sputnik, arms race, and communists are all related to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. McCarthyism refers to Senator Joseph McCarthy's movement against suspected communists, while Sputnik was a Soviet satellite launch that intensified American efforts in space and technology research. The arms race symbolizes the competition between the two countries to develop superior weapons.
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Competition between U.S. and Soviets to develop superior weapons: The intense competition between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War led to an arms race. Both countries were striving to develop superior weapons, including nuclear weapons, in order to gain military advantage.
2. When the Soviets launched Sputnik, America devoted even more resources to space and technology research: In 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik. This event alarmed the United States and led to an increased focus on space and technology research to compete with the Soviets.
3. The House Un-American Activities Committee investigated individuals believed to be communists: The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was a congressional committee that conducted investigations into alleged communist influence in American society. It targeted individuals believed to be communists, particularly in the entertainment industry.
4. Senator Joseph McCarthy's movement against suspected communists in the U.S. Government and military was known as McCarthyism: Senator Joseph McCarthy led a campaign in the 1950s to root out suspected communists in the U.S. government and military. His tactics included making unsubstantiated accusations and blacklisting individuals based on their alleged communist affiliations, giving rise to the term McCarthyism.