From a Martian point of view, the most notable difference between observing the solar system in a geocentric model versus a heliocentric model would be the relative positions of the planets in the sky. In a geocentric model, the Earth is at the center of the solar system and all the other planets orbit around it. In contrast, in a heliocentric model, the sun is at the center of the solar system and all the planets, including Earth, orbit around it.
If we were observing the solar system from the surface of Mars, we would see the planets from Mars' point of view. In this scenario, the planets would appear to move in the sky in ways that are different from what we observe from Earth. For example, Mars and Earth would appear to be orbiting around the sun at different rates, and thus their relative positions to each other would change over time, but the relative positions of the other planets to the Earth would not change as much as in our heliocentric model.
Additionally, the apparent size and brightness of the planets would also appear different from Mars than they do from Earth. This is due to the fact that the distance between Mars and the other planets is not the same as the distance between Earth and the other planets.
In summary, from a Martian point of view, the relative positions of the planets in the solar system would appear different than what we observe from Earth due to the geocentric model of the solar system and the difference in the distance between Mars and the other planets.