Answer:
3rd choice
a rotation of 90° counterclockwise about the origin and a translation down 1 unit
Explanation:
This is just asking you what operations you need to perform to get figure N from figure M. Such a set of operations is called a transformation.
In this case we see that to get figure N we have to rotate figure M 90° in a counterclockwise direction. That would be the first transformation
From the choices you can eliminate the first two choices which deal only with clockwise rotation
Translation transformation is one where the figure is shifted horizontally or vertically
All we have to do is figure out if, after 90° counterclockwise rotation of M whether it was shifted 1 unit up or 1 unit down
Look at the point (-3, 1) in figure M.
When a figure is rotated 90° counterclockwise, each if its original coordinates (x, y) become new coordinates (-y, x)
In other words the coordinates are interchanged in the transformed figure and the sign of the new x-coordinate is changed from the original y value
So (-3, 1) should become (-1, -3)
But in figure N, that point has become (-1, -4) which is (-1, -3-1). This indicates the figure has been shifted down which corresponds to a translation down by 1 unit
Answer: 3rd choice
a rotation of 90° counterclockwise about the origin and a translation down 1 unit
The two images I have attached may help you understand better. First one is just the rotation of M. Second one is the rotated figure shifted down which results in figure N