A republic is a form of government in which power is held by the people, either directly or through elected representatives. A classical republic, on the other hand, is a specific type of republic that is characterized by certain features such as a separation of powers, a system of checks and balances, and a strong emphasis on civic virtue and moral education.
A monarchy is a form of government in which power is held by a single person, known as a monarch. A absolute monarchy is a specific type of monarchy in which the monarch has complete control over the government and the people, and is not subject to any limitations or checks on their power. In an absolute monarchy, the monarch has the power to make laws, levy taxes, and govern the country without any input or oversight from the people or other branches of government.
In summary, a republic is a government in which power is held by the people, while a classical republic is a specific type of republic that is characterized by certain features such as separation of powers and civic virtue. A monarchy is a government in which power is held by a single person, while an absolute monarchy is a specific type of monarchy in which the monarch has complete control over the government and the people without any limitations or checks on their power.