Question

finger-like membrane extensions, known as microvilli, are supported by the actin cytoskeleton. microvilli located at the apical surface of epithelial cells are responsible for:

Answer 1

Microvilli located at the apical surface of epithelial cells are responsible for increasing the absorptive surface area of the cell and increasing the efficiency of nutrient absorption. They are also involved in secretion of substances, as well as in recognition of antigens and other molecules. Microvilli are supported by the actin cytoskeleton, which is composed of a network of actin filaments that provides structure and stability to the microvilli.

Answer 2

Microvilli are microscopic extensions that increase the surface area of epithelial cells in the small intestine to enhance the absorption of nutrients. They contain actin microfilaments for support and are coated with digestive enzymes to finalize the digestion of carbohydrates and proteins.

Step-by-step explanation:

The finger-like membrane extensions known as microvilli are crucial for increasing the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine.

They are cylindrical projections on the apical surface of the epithelial cells lining the intestine and contain a core of actin microfilaments that support their structure.

These extensions greatly increase the surface area of the plasma membrane, which is lined with enzymes that help complete the digestion of carbohydrates and proteins.

The enhanced surface area due to the presence of microvilli, along with the enzymatic action, allows for more efficient nutrient absorption into the bloodstream.

Role of Microvilli:

Microvilli are responsible for absorbing nutrients from the food we eat. Their presence facilitates the final digestion process and increases the surface area available for nutrient uptake.

The structures of microvilli showcase an exemplary case where the anatomy of a cellular feature is optimized for its function, aligning with the concept that form follows function in biological systems.