Answer: B. realized
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the clues given in Section 24 of Hawthorne's biographical sketch of Isaac Newton, the best meaning of the word "perceived" is realized. The passage describes how Isaac Newton had a deep understanding of the natural world and that his knowledge was not based on guesses or wonder, but on his ability to observe and understand the world around him, which suggests that he realized the natural laws. The other options such as "revitalized" means to give new life to, "guessed" means to form an opinion based on little or no evidence and "wondered" means to have curiosity or be amazed by something.