FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation) is a programming language that was first developed in the 1950s for scientific and engineering applications. It is one of the oldest high-level programming languages still in use today. FORTRAN is known for its ability to efficiently handle mathematical operations and manipulation of large arrays of data. It is commonly used in scientific and engineering applications such as numerical weather forecasting, structural analysis, and computational fluid dynamics. FORTRAN is still used today in many scientific and engineering communities and has been standardized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).