Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
15.0 mL of vinegar is equivalent to 15.0 g of vinegar, since the density of vinegar is 1.0 g/mL. Vinegar is composed of mostly acetic acid (CH3COOH) and water. The density of acetic acid is 1.05 g/mL, so 15.0 mL of vinegar is equivalent to approximately 14.3 g of acetic acid.
The balanced equation for the reaction between sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and acetic acid is:
NaHCO3 + CH3COOH → NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2
For every mole of acetic acid, we need one mole of sodium bicarbonate. We can use the molar mass of acetic acid (60.05 g/mol) and sodium bicarbonate (84.01 g/mol) to calculate the amount of baking soda needed.
14.3 g of acetic acid x (1 mol/60.05 g) = 0.238 mol acetic acid
0.238 mol acetic acid x (84.01 g/mol) = 19.9 g baking soda
Therefore, 19.9 g of baking soda is needed to react with the 15.0 g of acetic acid in 15.0 mL of vinegar.