Answer:
a centralized political system, with a leader or chief who held significant power and authority over the community. These leaders were often chosen based on their wealth, military strength, or lineage. In addition, many traditional African societies also had a strong emphasis on community and collective decision-making, with important decisions being made through consultation and consensus among community members. These societies also often had a strong spiritual and religious component, with traditional beliefs and practices playing a central role in daily life.