Answer:
Somatic mutations are changes in the genetic material of a body cell (as opposed to a reproductive cell) and can occur naturally or as a result of environmental exposure to things like radiation or toxic chemicals. These mutations can be beneficial or harmful, depending on their nature and context. Somatic mutations play an important role in the evolutionary process by introducing variation into the gene pool. This process allows a species to adapt and evolve in response to changing environmental pressures; it also serves as a mechanism for strengthening the gene pool over time.
Most cancers are caused when somatic mutations occur in certain genes that regulate the growth and division of cells. When these regulatory genes are mutated, cells can begin to divide and multiply uncontrollably, forming a tumor. This usually happens when DNA becomes damaged and is unable to be repaired, leading to mutations that can be passed down to future generations of cells. Because somatic mutations can occur naturally, or as a result of environmental exposure, they can be an important factor in the occurrence of cancer.