Answer:
Out of all the structures in the picture, the mRNA is structure II.
Step-by-step explanation:
Polypeptide Translation
- Translation is the process of decoding messenger RNA (mRNA) and utilizing its information to construct a polypeptide, or amino acid chain. A polypeptide or protein is comprised of many amino acids.
Answer Breakdown
- Structure II is the mRNA. The mRNA is used as the framework for the translation process which is located in the small ribosomal subunit. Every three bases on the mRNA are a codon and match up with the three base anticodons on the tRNA.
- Structure I is the anticodon. The anticodons are specific and encode for each amino acid. The tRNAs are then able to pick up the amino acid because of the corresponding anticodon.
- Structure IV is the tRNA. The tRNA is responsible for the transfer of the amino acid to the mRNA in the ribosome. Once the tRNA makes the attachment of the anticodon to the codon, a new tRNA enters.
- Structure V is an amino acid. When the new tRNA enters, the previous tRNA exits and discharges its amino acid.
- Structure III is a polypeptide chain or protein. A polypeptide chain is a group of several amino acids. This occurs when the amino acids accumulate via polypeptide elongation. In each ribosome is an EPA site:
- The tRNA attaches to the codon on the mRNA via its anticodon at the A site.
- The tRNA adds the amino acid to the existing chain or initiates the chain at the P site.
- The tRNA exits the ribosome at the E site. A new tRNA then comes in and the process is repeated.
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