Answer:
Infomation known before learning something new
Step-by-step explanation:
this applies to many different things of course but good examples are:
-a kid being able to identify colors before entering kindergarten
-you repeat a grade, you already know most of the topics you will learn.
-you dont know how to bake a cake but you have baked cookies before, you take prior knowledge and apply it to the cake
basically, having a basic understanding of a subject as you approach it