Question

Match the phase described

Answer 1

The cell cycle can be explained as a sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesizes other cell constituents, and eventually divides into two daughter cells.

explanation

The two primary phases of the cell cycle are

1. The interphase

• It is the phase between two successive M phases. It follows cytokinesis.
• It is divided into G1, S, and G2 phases.
• The DNA replication occurs in the S phase of the interphase

2. The M phase

The M phase has four stages

1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase

Cytokinesis follows the M phase.

• The prophase is the first stage of the M phase. Here, the initiation of condensation of chromosome material takes place. As a result of this, the mitotic spindle is developed.
• The metaphase is characterized by the complete disintegration of the nuclear envelope. And, the chromosomes move to the spindle equator.
• In anaphase, two daughter chromatids are formed from the chromosomes.
• Telophase is characterized by the decondensation of the chromosome material and the formation of two new nuclei (Karyokinesis) and as a result, the mitotic spindle disappears
• The cytokinesis is the last step. Here, the cell gets divided into two daughter cells. In animal cells, it can be achieved by the appearance of a deep furrow in the plasma membrane.
• However, plant cells require a cell plate as they are enclosed by a cell wall.

Conclusion

So, the final answers are,

1. Interphase - Replication of DNA and follows the cytokinesis.
2. Prophase - Formation of the mitotic spindle
3. Telophase - Mitotic spindle disappears as two new sets of chromosomes arrive at the opposite poles.
4. Cytokinesis - The cell is split into two daughter cells and plants require the formation of a cell plate.