Answer: The rules and standards that define how a database organizes data are called the database schema. The schema specifies the structure of the database, including the names and data types of the fields in each table, as well as any relationships between tables. It provides a blueprint for how the data is stored and accessed, and it helps to ensure the integrity and consistency of the data within the database. The schema is typically defined using a specialized language or tool, and it can be modified as needed to reflect changes in the data or the needs of the users.