Answer:
The atom is a fundamental unit of matter that consists of a dense, central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons. The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons, while the electrons orbit the nucleus in a set of shells or energy levels. In the electrical current process, atoms play a key role in the movement of electrons through a conductor.
When an electrical current is applied to a conductor, the electrons within the atoms of the conductor are forced to move through the material. This movement of electrons is called an electric current. The movement of the electrons is caused by the difference in electrical potential between two points, which creates an electric field that acts on the electrons.
The movement of the electrons through the conductor is influenced by the structure of the atoms in the conductor. For example, a conductor with a high number of free electrons, such as copper, will allow the electrical current to flow more easily than a conductor with fewer free electrons, such as steel. The resistance of a conductor to the flow of an electrical current is known as electrical resistance, and it is influenced by the number of free electrons available to carry the current and the structure of the atoms in the conductor.
Overall, the atom plays a central role in the electrical current process, as the movement of the electrons within the atoms is what allows the electrical current to flow through a conductor.
Step-by-step explanation: