Question

Read the following sentence.

The cars passing by are filled with commuters.
Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
(1 point)
The sentence includes a present participle.
The participial phrase modifies the word commuters.
The participial phrase is essential. No commas are needed.
The participial phrase is passing by.
2. Read the following sentence.
Family names derived from people's surroundings were common in the Middle Ages.
Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
(1 point)
The sentence includes a past participle.

Answer 1

The statement 'The participial phrase modifies the word commuters' for the first question and 'The sentence includes a past participle' for the second question are not true. The review questions were answered by identifying the types of phrases such as prepositional, participial, and infinitive phrases within the given sentences.

Step-by-step explanation:

The sentence 'The cars passing by are filled with commuters' includes a present participle, which is 'passing'. The participial phrase in this sentence is 'passing by' and it modifies 'cars', not 'commuters'. This phrase is essential to the meaning of the sentence, so no commas are needed to set off the phrase. Therefore, the statement that is NOT true is that 'The participial phrase modifies the word commuters'.

For the sentence 'Family names derived from people's surroundings were common in the Middle Ages', the verb 'derived' functions as a past participle modifying 'Family names'. Hence, the statement that 'The sentence includes a past participle' is true.

Answer 2

The first sentence:
The sentence includes a present participle. (this is true: this participle is "passing")
The participial phrase modifies the word commuters. (false! it modifies "cars")
The participial phrase is essential. No commas are needed. (correct!)
The participial phrase is passing by. (this is also correct!)

The second sentence:

The sentence includes a past participle. (correct! it's "derived")
The participial phrase modifies the words Middle Ages. (false!!!! it modifies "Family names")
The participial phrase is essential. No commas are needed. (correct!)
The participial phrase is derived from people's surroundings.(correct again! this is the whole participial phrase)