The correct answer is C) Ottoman rulers believed that Muhammad's successor was his close friend Abu Bakr, whereas Safavid rulers believed that Muhammad's successor was his son-in-law.
The statement that accurately contrasts the Ottoman and Safavid empires in the 16th century is Ottoman rulers believed that Muhammad's successor was his close friend Abu Bakr, whereas Safavid rulers believed that Muhammad's successor was his son-in-law.
The Sunni Muslims recognized and respected the Four Caliphs as their religious leaders. But the Shiite Muslims believed that Ali, the descendant of the Four Caliphs, was its religious leader. Both factions had to settle their differences to have a better chance to fight the Christian Crusaders that that wanted to take the lands of the Temple of Salomon to the Christians.