The polymer that provides plants with their genetic traits is nucleic acid. The answer is C. Nucleic acids are what made the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The DNA are composed of a nitrogenous base, phosphate and a sugar (deoxyribose). The bases are adenosine, tyrosine, uracil and guanine. And they are needed to be matched to carry the trait. The nitrogenous base is the traits that contains the genetic material and are mostly composed of nucleic acids.