This question really depends on the type of printer device. There are the following kinds of printers:
Inkjet
Laser
Thermal
Dye Sublimation
Dot Matrix
Solid Ink
Each of these types of printers print in very different ways. I'm not going to get into depth about all of them, as that would take too much time. But what I can do is explain to you what a logical printer object is. So when you think of a printer, you think of the actual printer hardware. However, there are three distinct parts to a printer. These three parts are: the print device, the driver, and the spooler. Essentially what happens is that these three components communicate with one another in order to complete print jobs. So lets say I have a wireless network laser printer which is connected to a wireless access point, along with three other workstations. Then let's say that those three workstations want to send print jobs to the network printer. What happens is that all of those print jobs are spooled, meaning they are placed into a print queue. The driver then takes print jobs out of the print queue at the printer object's leisure. The driver then encodes the data from the print job into a language which the print device can understand, an example being PostScript. Then the driver sends that print job to the print device, and depending on what kind of printer you have, the method in which that print job is completed varies.