Final answer:
Phosphodiester bonds connect the deoxyribose sugars to the phosphate groups in DNA, forming the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA structure through a condensation reaction that releases water and removes two phosphate groups.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of bonds that connect the deoxyribose sugars to the phosphate group in DNA are known as phosphodiester bonds or linkages. These covalent bonds are crucial in forming the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA structure. The phosphodiester bond is established between the phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon of one deoxyribose sugar and the hydroxyl group on the 3' carbon of the adjacent sugar. This connection forms a strong chain that is essential for the stability and integrity of the DNA molecule. The formation of the phosphodiester linkage is a result of a condensation reaction in which two phosphate groups are removed, and a water molecule is released.