The answer is England. Prior to its fall, the Munghal Empire was already In the process of decline. A series of wars led to the loss of territories in the Munghal Empire. As a result of these losses their power and resources were now limited. Later it gave support to the Indian Rebellion when Emperor Bahadur Shah II issued a firman. When the rebellion was put down, he put on trial by the British and for treason and was exiled to Rangoon. The British then formally took over the remains of the empire. The Government of India Act of 1858 allowed the British Crown to formally rule over India through the new British Raj.