Final answer:
The most significant influence of Byzantine/Greek culture on Russia was the creation and adoption of the Cyrillic alphabet, which facilitated the spread of religion and literacy in Russian society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Byzantine Empire, which was predominantly Greek in language and culture, had a significant influence on Russia through various avenues. Among these, the introduction of the Cyrillic alphabet stands out as the most influential. This alphabet was created by St. Cyril in the ninth century to translate Greek religious texts into Slavonic, which helped to spread Christianity and Byzantine cultural influence throughout Eastern Europe, including Russia. However, when evaluating the specific influence of Byzantine/Greek culture on Russia, the correct answer to the question is B. the alphabet.
Russian architecture, while influenced by the Byzantine style, notably in religious structures like the church of St. Sophia in Kiev, was not the principal Greek contribution. Similarly, the Greek language itself, Greek literature, and sculptural practices did not overtly redefine Russian culture to the extent the Cyrillic writing system did. The introductions of the Cyrillic alphabet, which is still used in Russia today, provided a tool for literature, administration, and education, deeply embedding Greek cultural elements into the foundations of Russian society.