The United States Army Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corp (JROTC) began with the enactment of the National Defense Act of 1916. Under the terms of the Act, high schools were allowed to loan military equipment and appoint military officers to instruct students. In 1964, the JROTC gained more services and retired military personnel replaced the active duty instructors who now worked for the schools who now share the cost of their employment. This was made possible to the Vitalization
Act.