The correct answer is A.
Alexander Solzhenitsyn (1918 – 2008) was a Russian historian and novelist. He openly criticized the communism exercised by the Soviet Union and contributed to unravel and to create global awareness about the system of forced labor camps, denominated gulags.
Some of his most famous publications are: One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1962), the only book he was allowed to publish in the URSS, and others like: Cancer Ward (1968), August 1914 (1971), and The Gulag Archipelago (1973).
Solzhenitsyn won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970.