The phrase, "L'etat, c'est moi" demonstrates the philosophy of absolutism under King Louis XIV.
Absolute monarchy or absolutism refers to that the sovereign power or ultimate authority in the state rested in the hands of a king who claimed to rule by divine right.
Louis XIV, refered to as Louis the Great (Louis le Grand) or the Sun King (Roi Soleil), was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who reigned as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715.
He began his personal rule of France in 1661, following the death of his chief minister, the Italian Cardinal Mazarin