Final answer:
The Peace of Augsburg in 1555 formally accepted the division of Christianity in Germany, allowing for the coexistence of Catholicism and Lutheranism within the Holy Roman Empire.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Peace of Augsburg in 1555 marked a significant moment in the religious history of Germany, allowing rulers within the Holy Roman Empire to choose either Lutheranism or Catholicism as the official religion in their territories. This agreement formally accepted the division of Christianity in Germany (option b), acknowledging the coexistence of Catholic and Protestant (specifically Lutheran) states, though no other religions were accommodated. The treaty was a political resolution that reflected the power of the Reformation and the spread of Luther's teachings, but did not make Lutheranism the doctrinal standard for all nor did it canonize Martin Luther. The Peace of Augsburg was also separate from other events, such as the wars between France and Morocco, and did not establish Lutheranism as a doctrinal system; that was done by Luther and his followers through their teachings and writings.