Final answer:
The statement that is an example of an observation the students could have made is option (4): The pulse rate of student F increased by 30 beats per minute.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that is an example of an observation the students could have made is option (4): The pulse rate of student F increased by 30 beats per minute.
This statement represents an observation because it is based on directly observed data. The students could have measured the pulse rate of student F before and after an exercise to determine that it increased by 30 beats per minute.