Question

The inability of an organism to produce certain

proteins can occur when an organism is lacking
an enzyme needed to combine
(1) oxygen molecules (3) amino acids
(2) simple sugars (4) biological catalysts

Answer 1

An organism's inability to produce certain proteins is often due to a lack of an enzyme necessary for combining amino acids to form proteins, leading to enzyme-deficiency disorders.

Step-by-step explanation:

The inability of an organism to produce certain proteins can occur when an organism lacks an enzyme needed to combine amino acids. Enzymes are crucial for catalyzing the reactions necessary to form proteins from amino acids. Without these enzymes, organisms may suffer from a range of enzyme-deficiency disorders, as proteins fulfill critical roles in functions such as metabolism, transportation of molecules, and regulation of bodily processes.

The synthesis of proteins from amino acids is essential, and if an enzyme that facilitates this process is missing, essential proteins will not be produced, leading to potential toxic buildup or malfunction within the organism. For example, individuals with galactosemia lack the enzyme required to metabolize galactose-1-phosphate, leading to harmful accumulations that can cause severe symptoms.

Answer 2

The answer is option (3).

Amino acids are joined together to form proteins.

Living organisms have enzymes which are capable of linking amino acids together by creating a peptide bond between the amino acids. This process takes place in the A and P site of ribosomes in the cell during translation.

One such enzyme is called peptidyl transferase. If an organism lacks such an enzyme, synthesis of the proteins catalyzed by that particular enzyme in its cells will not take place. If amino acids cannot be joined together, then a polypeptide chain, which forms the primary structure of the protein will not be formed.